Most universities that teach in English require proof of English proficiency as part of the admission process. The specific requirement depends on the country, the institution, and the programme. This guide explains what level is typically expected, which tests are accepted, and how to prepare.
What level universities typically require
B2 is the standard minimum for most English-taught programmes at universities in continental Europe. At B2 you can follow lectures, read academic texts, and write essays without constant support.
C1 is required by most universities in the UK, the US, Australia, and Canada, and by competitive programmes anywhere. At C1 you can engage with complex academic material, write with precision, and participate fully in seminars and discussions.
Some foundation or preparatory programmes accept B1, but the main degree programme will typically require B2 before students progress.
Which tests universities accept
IELTS Academic is the most widely accepted test worldwide. It tests all four skills, reading, writing, listening, and speaking, under supervised conditions. Scores are valid for two years.
TOEFL iBT is the standard for universities in the United States and is accepted globally. It uses an internet-based format and tests the same four skills. Scores are also valid for two years.
Cambridge C1 Advanced (CAE) and C2 Proficiency (CPE) are accepted by most UK and European universities. Cambridge certificates do not expire.
Duolingo English Test is accepted by some universities, particularly in North America, as a lower-cost alternative. Not all institutions accept it, so check before taking it.
Online CEFR tests from platforms like Examinizer are not accepted for formal university admission. They are useful for self-assessment and preparation.
Score requirements by institution type
| Institution type | CEFR level | IELTS equivalent | TOEFL iBT |
|---|---|---|---|
| European universities (English-taught) | B2 | 6.0–6.5 | 72–94 |
| UK universities (standard) | C1 | 6.5–7.0 | 90–100 |
| Top UK/US universities | C1–C2 | 7.0–7.5+ | 100+ |
| Foundation programmes | B1–B2 | 5.0–6.0 | 42–71 |
How to prepare
Start with a free CEFR test to establish your current level. If the test shows B1 and you need B2, you need to close roughly 150 to 200 hours of study before taking IELTS or TOEFL.
IELTS and TOEFL have specific formats that require practice regardless of your general English level. Reading sections are timed and use academic texts. Writing tasks require specific essay structures. Practice tests under timed conditions are more useful than general study at this stage.
Academic vocabulary is a specific subset of English that does not appear much in everyday conversation. Spending time with academic word lists and reading journal articles or reports in your subject area accelerates preparation for the reading and writing sections.
Find out your current English level before preparing
Free 25-question test. Instant CEFR result. Useful starting point before IELTS or TOEFL preparation.
Test My English Level — FreeFAQ
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